Nice work, Jef. Spoken like someone who has never actually played in a real competitive environment.
Wayne, Jef's "strategy" is little more than a safety net. Far from a "win/win" situation, it sounds like more of a "not a loss/not a loss."
In my experience, if you tell the other player what you're going to throw, most of the time they will make the throw themselves. It is a simple matter to tell the other player you're going to throw rock, then have paper ready for the counter. This strategm is riskier than Jef's suggestion, but "nothing ventured, nothing gained," I say. Potential risk equals potential reward.
Use of verbal cues only works on individuals who are predisposed to receiving information verbally. Others are more receptive to visual information. A little study of Neurolinguistic Programming goes a long way here. One cue is to listen to what they say. A person who says "I see what you're saying" is more open to visual suggestion. An "I hear you" type prefers verbal information. Some players (such as C. Urbanus) are non-reactive to a fault; these strategies are useless against such a player. Also, custardchuk never lies.
As far as the randomness issue, human beings are incapable of truly random behavior. Studies have tended to support this theory. Check out
this article for more information.
To answer your questions, then:
First Question I have been asked this question a million times. I usually respond by saying the above: "Human beings are incapable of truly random behavior. The main difference between computer generated random strings and pseudorandom human generated strings are that the computer strings tend to repeat the same integer more often. That is to say, it would not be uncommon for a computer generated string to have five throws of rock in a row. Human generated strings rarely do so, outside of professional competition."
Second Question Typically the "completely clueless" person is trying to hustle you. Before I became a world-famous RPS player I would use this strategy. It doesn't work so well for me anymore. When such a person beats you, saying "it's all random," you can respond by saying, "Sure, sure...it's all random. I've heard that one before. Excellent strategy." Then, while they're confused, challenge them to another game and bet them a dollar on the outcome [NOTE: This post is for information purposes only. I am certainly not encouraging anyone to gamble, much less a minor.] If they are truly using a random strategy, their win-loss ratio should be 50/50. Even though there is no serial correlation in RPS (i.e., even though a pseudorandom player only wins half the time, the fact that he or she just won does not automatically mean the next match will be a loss,) you stand a good chance of winning, especially if you noticed any patterns in their previous string. If you win this match, it will appear as if you have hustled
them. I am always happy to lose for free, if it sets me up for a later monetary win.
Good luck, and let us know how it goes.